7. Conclusion. The information interoperability certification process must begin during requirements and capabilities development and continue throughout the system lifecycle, including testing and fielding. The intent is to detect interoperability deficiencies sufficiently early to ensure that no system is fielded without demonstrating critical interoperability requirements and/or capabilities. Thorough and continuous coordination among the JOINT STAFF, JITC, and program sponsors is required to ensure that systems provided to the warfighter have met the requisite interoperability requirements to support joint operations.