1. GENERAL. The PM shall have a plan for HSI in place early in
the acquisition process to optimize total system performance, minimize total
ownership costs, and ensure that the system is built to accommodate the
characteristics of the user population that will operate, maintain, and
support the system.
2. HSI PLANNING. HSI planning shall be summarized in the
Acquisition Strategy and SEP and shall address the following:
a. Human
Factors Engineering. The PM shall take steps (e.g., contract deliverables
and Government/contractor IPT teams) to ensure ergonomics, human factors
engineering, and cognitive engineering is employed during systems engineering
over the life of the program to provide for effective human-machine interfaces
and to meet HSI requirements. Where practicable and cost effective, system
designs shall minimize or eliminate system characteristics that require
excessive cognitive, physical, or sensory skills; entail extensive training or
workload-intensive tasks; result in mission-critical errors; or produce safety
or health hazards.
b.
Personnel. The PM shall work with the personnel community to define the
human performance characteristics of the user population based on the system
description, projected characteristics of target occupational specialties, and
recruitment and retention trends. To the extent possible, systems shall not
require special cognitive, physical, or sensory skills beyond that found in
the specified user population. For those programs that have skill requirements
that exceed the knowledge, skills, and abilities of current military
occupational specialties, or that require additional skill indicators or
hard-to-fill military occupational specialties, the PM shall consult with
personnel communities to identify readiness, personnel tempo, and funding
issues that impact program execution.
c.
Habitability. The PM shall work with habitability representatives to
establish requirements for the physical environment (e.g., adequate space and
temperature control) and, if appropriate, requirements for personnel services
(e.g., medical and mess) and living conditions (e.g., berthing and personal
hygiene) for conditions that have a direct impact on meeting or sustaining
system performance or that have such an adverse impact on quality of life and
morale that recruitment or retention is degraded.
d.
Manpower. In advance of contracting for operational support services,
the PM shall work with the manpower community to determine the most efficient
and cost-effective mix of DoD manpower and contract support. The mix of
military, DoD civilian, and contract support necessary to operate, maintain,
and support (to include providing training) the system shall be determined
based on the Manpower Mix Criteria and reported in the Manpower Estimate.
Economic analyses used to support workforce mix decisions shall use costing
tools that account for fully loaded costs–i.e., all variable and fixed costs,
compensation and non-compensation costs, current and deferred benefits, cash
and in-kind benefits. Once the Manpower Estimate is approved by the DoD
Component manpower authority, it shall serve as the authoritative source for
reporting manpower in other program documentation.
e.
Training. The PM shall work with the training community to develop
options for individual, collective, and joint training for operators,
maintainers and support personnel, and, where appropriate, base training
decisions on training effectiveness evaluations. The PM shall address the
major elements of training, and place special emphasis on options that enhance
user capabilities, maintain skill proficiencies, and reduce individual and
collective training costs. The PM shall develop training system plans to
maximize the use of new learning techniques, simulation technology, embedded
training and distributed learning (DoD Instruction 1322.26 (Reference (be))), and instrumentation systems
that provide “anytime, anyplace” training and reduce the demand on the
training establishment. Where possible, the PM shall maximize the use of
simulation-supported embedded training, and the training systems shall fully
support and mirror the interoperability of the operational system (DoD
Directive 1322.18 (Reference (bf))).
f. Safety and
Occupational Health. The PM shall ensure that appropriate HSI and ESOH
efforts are integrated across disciplines and into systems engineering to
determine system design characteristics that can minimize the risks of acute
or chronic illness, disability, or death or injury to operators and
maintainers; and enhance job performance and productivity of the personnel who
operate, maintain, or support the system.
g.
Survivability. For systems with missions that might require exposure to
combat threats, the PM shall address personnel survivability issues including
protection against fratricide, detection, and instantaneous, cumulative, and
residual nuclear, biological, and chemical effects; personnel survivability
against asymmetric threats; the integrity of the crew compartment; and
provisions for rapid egress when the system is severely damaged or destroyed.
The PM shall address special equipment or gear needed to sustain crew
operations in the operational environment, including the suitability of
equipment intended to enhance personnel survivability against asymmetric
threats.
